Naaser Sanobar Associate Professor, Department of Management, University of Tabriz, Iran author Azhdar Karami Assistant Professor, Department of Management, University of Tabriz, Iran author Mahdi Farghani Bejestani MSc. Student, Department of Management, University of Tabriz, Iran author text article 2015 per Organizational culture and managers' personal attitudes play a crucial role in conducting change initiatives, especially strategic change. In this regard, middle managers' commitment to change is of great importance and cynicism is the biggest obstacle in forming this commitment. In the present study, it is investigated whether organizational justice dimensions, senior management support for change and participation in decision-making bear any relationship to middle managers' strategic commitment, and then the moderating effect of change cynicism on these relationships is explored. To this end, data were collected from 334 middle managers of ICT companies across Iran, and analyzed using structural equation modeling. According to the results, change cynicism fully moderated the relationships distributive and interactional justice bore to strategic commitment and partially reduced the positive effects of senior management support. Results also indicated cynicism had no effect on relationships procedural justice and participation bore to strategic commitment University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 1 23 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_52932_2d5726aab1802ce3ffc3cd24c17b7e9b.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.52932 Seyed Mohammd Mahmoudi Associate Professor, Farabi Campus University of Tehran, Iran author Hassan Danaeefard Associate Professor, Tarbiat Moddares University, Tehran, Iran author Ali Naghi Amiri Associate Professor, Farabi Campus University of Tehran, Iran author Gholamreza Jandaghi PhD. candidate, Farabi Campus University of Tehran and Instructor author Azam Babaki Rad PhD. candidate, Farabi Campus University of Tehran and Instructor Islamic azad university, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran author text article 2015 per AbstractOne challenge face political system is implementation national development. There are various models for national development. Some countries have relied on import model, but other has emphasis on their indigenous, the purpose of this study is designing intelligence development model in Iranian national context. Based on the selected theory building methodology, we have theorized intelligence development, then have verified by expert opinion.The final model consisted of three dimensions: hard, soft and wet. The result is a model which can be categorized in comparison to progress pattern in its instrumental level (national management) and it clarifies development direction in hard, soft and wet dimensions to achieve life quality University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 25 45 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53308_3a2a4a5af70157db64bb0f3b36a8975d.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53308 Davood Feiz Associate Prof. of Business Administration Department, Semnan University, Iran author Morteza Akbarzadeh Safui Associate Prof. of Business Administration Department, Semnan University, Iran author Somayeh Zangian MSc. in Enterprunership Management, Semnan University, Iran author text article 2015 per The present study is going to investigate about the mediating role of knowledge management in the relationship between organiz­ational culture and organizational citizenship behavior with organizational effectiveness. This applied research has a correlational-descriptive aim. The sample included 148 staffs in National Iranian Gas Company who answered a questionnaire its validity and reliability were checked. The research hypothesis was tested using SEM. According to the results, mediating role of knowledge management regarding the relationship between organizational culture and organizational effectiveness, and organizational citizenship behavior with organizational effectiveness was approved. But this role is not so tangible than the direct relationship between these variables. The present study adds some new findings to the knowledge management literature and it emphasizes on the importance of the interactional role of organizational culture, organizational citizenship behavior, and knowledge management in affecting organizational effectiveness.   University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 47 66 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_52933_c63966e9a1f849a89f1e523c8528e182.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.52933 shahryar mohsenin PhD student, Farabi campus University of Tehran, Iran author mohammad rahim esfidani Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran author HamidReza Hassanzadeh Assistant Professor, Farabi campus, University of Tehran, Iran author hossein khanifar Professor, Farabi campus University of Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per One of the most important behavioral aspects in relationship among the main members of marketing channel is the issue of power and dependence that here we have looked through the source of power and countervailing power and we have considered Reputation independence, sale and profits and Marketing role dependence. In this research relationship between the two main marketing channel members in handmade carpet art - industry have been studied. In fact the main purpose of this research is the study of the relationship between power and dependence in this channel. Statistical sample of this research consists of 149 workshops that have been chosen randomly through multistage sampling method. The main instruments of gathering information in this research were questionnaire; also Structural equations modeling were used for testing assumption. The result has expressed that countervailing power has an opposite effect on source power and target’s sales and profit dependence and source power has a direct effect on marketing role dependence, the capability of replacement of source has an opposite effect on sales and profit dependence and marketing role dependence and direct effect on countervailing power; also marketing role dependence and reputational dependence have direct effects on sales and profit dependence.     University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 67 89 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53294_63ff9f6abf2a8fc6a98feb9a1b0dbfa8.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53294 Moslem Alavi MSc. Management faculty, Payamnoor University, Tehran, Iran author Mahdi Najafi Siahroudi Najafi Siahroudi MSc. Rahborad Shomal University, Guilan, Iran author text article 2015 per Nowadays in consequence of widespread changes of corporate governances, chairman of the board has more real authorities on company decisions and due to his significant role in board leadership, is under the pressure of performance expectations. However, these changers are not made as it deserves in Iran and in spite of various effects of Chairman Leadership on board culture – especially team production culture- and board of director's strategic engagement, it requires more researches. Based on this fact, in this survey, boards of production cooperatives (just active firms) in Rasht city using Questionnaire are studied. Results revealed that the effective leadership of chairman can set an effective culture in which team production is on higher priority and subsequently can influence the strategic involvement of board of directors. On the other hand it is proved that open atmosphere of board meetings; preparedness, creativity and cohesion among directors can mediate the relationship between effective leadership of chairman and strategic involvement of board of directors. University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 91 113 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53295_78bf0545df2d597cb3038ee232edfc51.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53295 Hosein Damghanian Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Management & Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Iran. author Seyyed Mahdi Musavidavoodi Ph.D. Candidate of Human Resource Management, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran author Kiarash Fartash Ph.D. Candidate of Technology Management, Faculty of Management & Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between organization justice & social loafing in Melat bank employees of Mazandaran province. Statistical population includes 1100 personnel of Melat bank in Mazandaran province. According to Krejcie & Morgan (1970) table, the minimum statistical sample of this research should be 285 employees. The sampling method is random systematic, and 292 out of 363 dispersed questionnaires were suitable for further analysis. Analysis was done with structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings show the negative and significant relation between organization justice & social loafing. Further, Interactional justice is the most influential dimension of organizational justice that affects social loafing in Melat bank employees of Mazandaran province.     University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 115 133 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53296_b9b11f748b92a636a24ac4e4ac856675.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53296 mohsen Yaghoubi MSc. Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran author Normohammad Yaghoubi Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran author text article 2015 per This study used proficiency as an effective personal resource on work engagement according to the job demand-resource model of Bakker and Demerouti (2008). This was a descriptive and cross-sectional survey. The sample includes 395 employees from four public organizations selected randomly. Descriptive statistic was used to examine the demographic variables and Inferential statistical such as independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and standard regression was used for hypothesis testing and answering to the research question. The result of Pearson correlation showed a significant association between work engagement and proficiency. Following, to determine how much of the variance of work engagement score could be predicted by proficiency dimensions, standard regression was performed. The results showed that 49.4% of the variance of work engagement was predicted independently by organization member proficiency while team member proficiency and individual task proficiency could not predict work engagement.             University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 135 156 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53297_438973765f6f01c43a35fc64ad6fd976.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53297 Jalal Naderi Ph.D. Student, Farabi Campus University of Tehran, Iran author Naser Jamshidi Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran author Hassan Zarei Matin Professor, Farabi Campus University of Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per This paper studies effective organizational factors in creating cynicism. At first, we studied the literature of organizational cynicism, dimensions and components of cynicism at different approaches. Then among them six component include: perception of organizational support, perception of executives’ compensation, perception of organizational performance, perception of Distributive justice and job satisfaction are studied for measuring the rate of cynicism. Its statistical population in this research contains staff of standard organization in Qom city and all employees are tested. The tool to collect data was questionnaire and SPSS software was used to analyze data. Result shows average rate of cynicism in relation to all studied dimensions among staff at this organization University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 157 176 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53298_174bba20764e0bfab55debfc962401e9.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53298 neda zojaji Ph.D. Student, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Iran author kamal dorani Associate Professor, Faculty of Psychology and Educational author text article 2015 per The significant role of breeding and the effective responsibility of teachers in the future of society, highlights the need to procure and train them as the basis for education.Therefore, the quality of work life of educators which leads to several outcomes for themselves such as jobs at is faction, growth opportunities, psychological advantages and numerous achievements for the organization like participatory management, job enrichment and the confidence conditions, becomes crucial.The main objective of this paper is analyzing the goals’ content of educators’ university Statute in the scope of the quality of work life. Since, the content analyzing approach is a regular, numeric and intuitive method; we extracted the existed notions in goals and investigated their compliance with each of the five components of quality of work life, through statistical indicators like frequency and percentage frequency of notions of goals mentions to the work life components. In the university goals, comprehensive attention was paid to the components “skills and human capabilities development”, acceptable referring was made to the components “independence in performing duties” and “development of working capabilities and variety of activities”, however, the components “fair salary” and “” had low compliance with university goals, which needs extensive attention by University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 177 205 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53299_e9bb049f2920c70cd74c52a916774230.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53299 ghasem barghamadi MSc. Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author arian gholipor Associate professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per Organizations and companies competing with each other try to attract talented individuals and keep them in themselves. Employer brand can attract talented and it is a set of internal factors related to the personnel which tries to induce individuals that this organization enjoys appropriate place, status and location for work by informing the individuals outside the organization. The talented also will be attracted to the organization which feels that that organization is suitable for them; the important issue is building this positive feeling or image in the talented individual's mind. The present study is to investigate how this image in the talented individual's mind is built for attracting to Refah Bank and its objective is to determine the factors of attracting the talented in Refah Bank. The research employs a qualitative method done in Refah Bank. The data collecting tool is questionnaire analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicated that five internal factors of employer brand and a peripheral factor have influenced the form of informing and transferring talented individuals and also external factors has influenced the attraction of the talented in Refah Bank. University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 207 227 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53300_e2d9a8e504d409ffb7d2f4e5035a5d9e.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53300 Elham Ebrahimi Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran author Mohammad Reza Fathi Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran author Morteza Soltani . Assistant Professor, Campus Farabi University of Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per Abstract In today's competitive business environment, intellectual capital management is widely considered as the main factor in order to gain and maintain organization competitive advantage. The main purpose of this paper is presenting a model to evaluate intellectual capital capacity in organizations. In this regard, first by the survey of the related literature, nine criteria of the intellectual capital variable were identified. In the second step by means of judgmental sampling, a committee of 14 human resource experts of Tavanir and its three subsidiary companies was formed and Fuzzy priority method was applied for calculating the relative importance or the criteria weights. In the third step for demonstrating the applicability of the model three subsidiary companies were ranked by fuzzy similarity based on the idea of human resource experts of Tavanir which were selected by judgmental sampling.   University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 229 246 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53301_830c0f81a6f6e44e890b049e1455b557.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53301 Ali Nasr Esfahani Assistance Professor, University of Isfahan, Iran author Mohammad Sobhani MSc. Industrial Management, University of Isfahan, Iran author javad khazaei pool MSc. Business Management, University of Isfahan, Iran author Mojtaba amani MSc. Business Management, University of Isfahan, Iran author text article 2015 per    Today Business, are faced with global competition environment, and for be successful in this environment they always feel the need to radically change and creativity; and with entering spirituality into management and organizations, managers and leaders in organizations, 0should be required to deal with new phenomena. The role of spiritual leadership is to stimulating personnel by the use of spiritual vision and cultural fields based on human values to train and develop ​​ empowered workers with high productivity, committed and motivated. In this research we want to answer to this question that can spiritual leadership cause to high performance in small and medium-sized enterprise? The purpose of this study applied descriptive - correlational survey is based on a structural equation model. The article suggests that spiritual leadership on organizational performance makes a significant and positive impact. The results showed that the membership and Meaning as a consequence of spiritual leadership influence on the performance University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 247 265 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53302_b9fe5cea26593466e96dceb97970913b.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53302 Maryam Mahmoodikia MSc, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran author Nasrin Arshadi Associate Professor,Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran author Sahar Ahmadi Chegeni MSc, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran author Mostafa Baharloo MSc, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran author text article 2015 per Empowerment employee is one of effective techniques to increase employee's productivity and efficient use of the capacity and capabilities of individual and group them in line with organizational goals. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of ethical leadership with psychological empowerment with mediating of procedural justice and interactional justice.Participants include 200 employees of Aghajari Oil and Gas Production Company was selected by stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, structural equation modeling and bootstrap method. The results indicated that the proposed model fit the data properly. According to these results ethical leadership directly and too by mediating procedural justice and interactional justice effect on psychological empowerment. The results showed that ethical leadership is associated with psychological empowerment. Also this style of leadership is to promote procedural justice and interactional justice and through these two types of justice can provide employees empowerment.       University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 267 287 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53303_375cf3f1448893e0ab231d6dfb3243b1.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53303 Mahdi Balavi Assistant Professor, Farabi Campus University of Tehran, Iran author Mahnaz Bayat Komitaki Assistant Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran author text article 2015 per The modern state is a renewable and evolutionary phenomenon and it cannot be evaluated so that it has Single Cause. Therefore none of the fields of the Human Sciences alone cannot fully explain the emergence of the modern state without interaction with other disciplines. Political superstructure in various countries, primarily influenced by the social and cultural systems of communities as the cornerstone of the governance structure and then it is based on political, legal, economic, and military approach. Sociological and cultural characteristics of each society in conjunction with the economic, political, legal, executive structures play a significant role in the development of the modern state. In other words, the form and content of the governance system has a meaningful relationship with sociological and cultural characteristics of its people and their historical attitude towards concepts such as the power, the government, and the legitimacy.In this article we will present a conceptual analysis of the state and explain development of state in the Iranian society and then we will analyze the evolution and transformation of the state from the perspective of most distinctive social features and cultural characteristics and mental components of Iranian people. University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 289 315 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_53304_999c930c53348eccf023c09f78961f70.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22059/jomc.2015.53304 text article 2015 per University of Tehran 2423-6942 13 v. 1 no. 2015 1 14 https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_54707_f3b2441a22afea43304589f0bbf3ca9d.pdf