A Meta-Analysis of Research on the Consequences of Transformational Leadership

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Eilam,Eilam, Iran

2 Department of Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Eilam, Eilam

10.22059/jomc.2024.374658.1008652

Abstract

Background: Transformational leadership has emerged as a new approach in the leadership landscape and has provided the basis for creating and promoting individual and organizational effectiveness by prioritizing changes in the organization. Objective: the aim of this study is to identify the consequences of transformational leadership using meta-analysis. Research method: This research is a meta-analysis in terms of practical purpose and method. The research community included articles published in scientific and research journals on transformational leadership from 2006 to the spring of 2022, of which 95 entered the meta-analysis process using a targeted non-random sampling method as an example. The research was analyzed using CMA2 software. Findings: The findings showed that among the consequences of transformational leadership 0.19% had an effect of less than 0.3; 0.31% had an effect between 0.3 and 0.5; and 0.50% had a high effect of 0.5.. The results also showed that among the consequences of transformational leadership, the variables of work attachment (0.962), job satisfaction (0.860), job performance (0.825) and structural empowerment (0.820) had large effects, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, transformational leadership, as a leadership style, has specific consequences and impacts on many individual and organizational variables and should be considered by managers.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

ابراهیمی‌نژاد رفسنجانی، مهدی و زارعی، مژگان (1397). تأثیر رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر رفتار شهروندی سازمانی. مطالعات مدیریت بهبود و تحول، 27(90)، 141 ـ 160.
احمدی بالادهی، سید مهدی و خاکزادیان، سید مهدی (1402). مطالعة نقش سبک رهبری تحول‌گرا فرماندهان و مدیران فراجا بر بهبود ارتباطات سازمانی کارکنان فرماندهی انتظامی شهرهای ساحلی تنکابن و رامسر. نشریة دانش انتظامی مازندران، 14(2)، 69 ـ 90.
بنسبردی، علی و اسماعیلی، محسن (1398). مطالعة اثر رهبری تحول‌گرا بر بهره‌وری نیروی انسانی با توجه به نقش میانجی توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی کارکنان (مطالعة موردی: وزارت ورزش و جوانان). مطالعات مدیریت رفتار سازمانی در ورزش، 5(4)، 31 ـ 44.
بهتری، بهمن؛ رضائیان، علی و فیضی، عمار (1400). بررسی تأثیر رهبری تحول‌گرا بر محیط نوآورانه با نقش متغیر میانجی خلاقیت (مورد مطالعه: کارکنان مراکز آموزش نظامی). نخبگان علوم و مهندسی، 6(6)، 1 ـ 16.
تلخابی، اسدالله؛ خواجه‌افلاطون، صدیقه و دلدار، ابراهیم (1398). تعیین تأثیر سبک رهبری تحول‌گرا بر تسهیم دانش با در نظر گرفتن نقش توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی کارکنان، تعهد سازمانی، و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی. تحقیقات کاربردی علوم ورزش بدون مرز، 3(12)، 2 ـ 28.
درویشی، صیاد و داودی دهاقانی، ابراهیم (1401). تأثیر رهبری تحول‌گرا بر خلاقیت کارکنان با نقش میانجی معنویت در محیط کار (مورد مطالعه: کارکنان پلیس پیشگیری استان قم). مدیریت بهره‌‌وری، 16(62)، 123 ـ 149.
رضایی دیزگاه، مراد؛ معروف‌زاده، سید اسماعیل؛ منفردگنجه، الهام و محمدنژاد، سید مجید (1399). تأثیر رهبری تحول‌گرا بر قصد ترک خدمت از طریق دلبستگی شغلی و هویت سازمانی در شرکت آب و فاضلاب روستایی گیلان. توانمندسازی سرمایة انسانی، 3(4)، 311 ـ 319.
زاهدی‌پور‌، محمد؛ وظیفه‌دوست، حسین و مشبکی‌اصفهانی، اصغر (1397). بررسی رابطة سبک‌های رهبری و پیامدهای رفتاری کارکنان با توجه به نقش میانجیگری سیاست‌های سازمانی (مطالعة موردی: سازمان تأمین اجتماعی استان لرستان). تأمین اجتماعی، 13(3)، 99 ـ 121.
فتحی‌زاده، شبنم؛ حسنی، محمد و قلاوندی، حسن (1398). بررسی تأثیر رهبری تحول‌گرا و معنویت بر تمایل به ترک خدمت و رضایت شغلی با میانجیگری تاب‌آوری، سازگاری شغلی، و درگیری شغلی. روان‌پرستاری، 7(5)، 2 ـ 9.
فرمانی، روح‌الله و نژادمحمد نامقی، احسانه (1401). تأثیر هوش استراتژیک بر توسعة سازمان و رفتار کارآفرینی با توجه به نقش میانجی رهبری تحول‌گرا. مدیریت کسب‌وکار، 14(53)، 147 ـ 168.
قنبری، سیروس؛ عبدالملکی، جمال؛ عبدالملکی، سالار؛ حیدری، پروانه و عبدالملکی، اوسط (1400). نقش ابعاد رهبری تحول‌گرای مدیران مدارس در یادگیری سازمانی مدرسه. توسعة حرفه‌ای معلم، 6(3 (پیاپی 21))، 55 ـ 70.
نبی‌زاده، محمد و زنگویی، اسدالله (1402). اثربخشی هوش معنوی تربیت‌محور بر سبک رهبری تحول‌آفرین مدیران و اساتید دانشگاه. پژوهش در مسائل تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی، 31(59)، 39 ـ 58.
نظرپوری، امیرهوشنگ؛ باقرزادة خداشهری، راضیه و آزادی، محمدحسین (1399). بررسی نقش رهبری ‏تحول‌آفرین در رابطة بین ذهن‌‏آگاهی و بهزیستی ذهنی (مورد مطالعه: کارکنان مجتمع فولاد گیلان). مدیریت فرهنگ سازمانی، 18(1)، 47 ـ 67.
نیک‌کار، امیر و شیرازی، علی (1401). بررسی تأثیر رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر کیفیت زندگی کاری کارکنان با نقش میانجی هوش عاطفی درک‌شدة مدیران. مدیریت تحول، 14(1)، 147 ـ 188.
Ahmadi Baladehi, S. M. & Khakzadian, S. M. (2023). Studying the role of transformational leadership style of Faraja commanders and managers on the improvement of organizational communication among the employees of police command in the coastal cities of Tonkaban and Ramsar. Journal of Mazandaran Police science, 14(2), 69-90. magiran.com/p2652595. (in Persian)
Alqatawenh, A. S. (2018). Transformational leadership style and its relationship with change management. Verslas: teorija ir praktika, 19(1), 17-24.
Ambarwati, A. & Wahyudi, T. A. (2024). The influence of transformational leadership dimensions toward employee performance through the mediating variables job satisfaction and employee engagement. Jurnal STEI Ekonomi, 33(1), 35-50.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.
--------------. (1995). Comment: Transformational leadership: Looking at other possible antecedents and consequences. Journal of Management Inquiry, 4(3), 293-297.
Behtari , B., Rezaeyan, A., & Feyzi, A. (2022). Investigating the Effect of Transformational Leadership on the Innovative Environment with the Role of Intermediary Variables of Creativity Students in Military Training Centers. Journal of Science and Engineering Elites, 6(6), 1-16. magiran.com/p2401636. (in Persian)
Bonesbordi, A. & Esmaili Sani, M. (2019). Studying effect of Transformational Leadership on Human Resource Efficiency Based on the Mediating Role of Employees' Psychological Empowerment. Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 5(4), 31-44. doi: 10.30473/fmss.2019.5548. (in Persian)
Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., & Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust. The leadership quarterly, 24(1), 270-283.
Chen, R., Lee, Y.-D., & Wang, C.-H. (2020). Total quality management and sustainable competitive advantage: serial mediation of transformational leadership and executive ability. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 31(5-6), 451-468.
Darvishi, S. & Davoodi Dehaghani, E. (2022). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Creativity with the Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality: A Case Study of Qom Preventive Police Staff. Journal of Productivity Management, 16(62), 123-149. magiran.com/p2510928. (in Persian)
Dinc, M. S., Zaim, H., Hassanin, M., & Alzoubi, Y. I. (2022). The effects of transformational leadership on perceived organizational support and organizational identity. Human Systems Management, 41(6), 699-716.
Doherty, J. & Karen, E. (1996). Transformation and transactional leader ship in Inter university Athletes management. Journal of sport management Human, 12, 236-241. 36.
Ebrahimi-Nejad Rafsanjani, M. & Zarei, M. (2018). The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Management Studies in Development and Evolution, 27(90), 141-160. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2019.9399. (in Persian)
Elenkov, D. S. & Manev, I. M. (2009). Senior expatriate leadership's effects on innovation and the role of cultural intelligence. Journal of World Business, 44(4), 357-369.
Elmasry, M. O. & Bakri, N. (2019). Behaviors of transformational leadership in promoting good governance at the Palestinian public sector. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 8, 1-12.
Farmani, R. & Nejadmohammad Nameghi, E. (2022). The Impact of Strategic Intelligence on Organizational Development and Entrepreneurial Behavior Considering the Mediating Role of Transformational Leadership. Journal of business management, 14(53), 147-168. magiran.com/p2469594. (in Persian)
Fathizadeh, S., Hassani, M., & Ghalavandi, H. (2019). Investigating the effect of transformational leadership and spirituality on turnover intention and job satisfaction; the mediating role of resiliency, career adaptability and job involvement. IJPN, 7(5), 1-9. (in Persian)
Felfe, J., Tartler, K., & Liepmann, D. (2004). Advanced research in the field of transformational leadership. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(3), 262-288.
Ghanbari, S., abdolmaleki, J., Abdolmaleki, S., Heydari, P., & Abdolmaleki, A. (2021). The Role of Transformational Leadership Dimensions of School Principals in School Organizational Learning. Teacher Professional Development, 6(3), 55-70. (in Persian)
Guillory, S. R. (2023). Dimensions of Transformational Leadership as Predictors of Employee Creativity: The Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Southeastern University).
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2021). Dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational performance: the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46(1), 1-19.
Le, B. P., Lei, H., Phouvong, S., Than, T. S., Nguyen, T. M. A., & Gong, J. (2018). Self-efficacy and optimism mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge sharing. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 46(11), 1833-1846.
Le, T. T. & Le, B. P. (2021). Mediating role of change capability in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance: an empirical research. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 1747-1759.
Lei, H., Leaungkhamma, L., & Le, P. B. (2020). How transformational leadership facilitates innovation capability: the mediating role of employees' psychological capital. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(4), 481-499.
Miguel, J., Caballé, S., Xhafa, F., & Higgins, S. (2017). Learning Organizations and Competitive Intelligence. Managing Academic Libraries, 65-70.
Nabizadeh, M. & Zangoei, A. (2023). The effectiveness of education-oriented spiritual intelligence on the transformational leadership style of university managers and professors. Scientific Journal of Islamic Education, 31(59), 39-58. magiran.com/p2632517. (in Persian)
Nazarpouri, A. H., Bagherzadeh Khodashahri, R., & Azadi, M. H. (2020). An Investigation of the Mediating Role of Perceived Transformational Leadership in the Relationship between Mindfulness and Subjective Well-Being: A Case Study of Ferro Gilan Complex Staff. Organizational Culture Management, 18(1), 47-67. doi: 10.22059/jomc.2019.274371.1007712. (in Persian)
Nikkar, A. & Shirazi, A. (2022). Investigating the impact of transformational leadership on employees’ quality of work life mediated by managers perceived emotional intelligence. Transformation Management Journal, 14(1), 147-188. doi: 10.22067/tmj.2022.75713.1283. (in Persian)
Norman, B., Thomson, I. I. I., James, V., Rawson, Catherine, P. S., & Bledsoe, M. (2016). Transformation and Transformational Leadership: A Review of the Current and Relevant Literature for Academic Radiologists. Academic Radiology, 23(5), 592-599.
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Özgül, B. & Zehir, C. (2022). Top management’s green transformational leadership and competitive advantage: the mediating role of green organizational learning capability. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing (ahead-of-print).
Purwanto, A. (2020). The effect of transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment: case studies in private university Lecturers. Solid State Technology.
Rezaei Yazdgahi, M., Maroufzadeh, S. E., Monfared-Ganjeh, E., & Mohammad-Nezhad, S. M. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Intention to leave through work engagement and organizational identification in Guilan Rural Water and Sewage Co. Journal of Human Capital Empowerment, 3(4), 311-319. magiran.com/p2349553. (in Persian)
Schweitzer, J. (2014). Leadership and innovation capability development in strategic alliances. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 35(5), 442-469.
Son, T. T. & Phong, L. B. (2023). Antecedents of Competitive Advantage for Vietnamese Firms: The Roles of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Learning and Innovation. Journal of International Business and Management, 6(5), 01-15.
Son, T. T., Phong, L. B., & Loan, B. T. T. (2020). Transformational leadership and knowledge sharing: determinants of firm’s operational and financial performance. Sage Open, 10(2), 2158244020927426.
Talkhabi, A., Khwaja Plato, S., & Dildar, I. (2019). Determining the impact of transformational leadership style on knowledge sharing taking into account the role of employee psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Applied Research in Sports Science Without Borders, 3(12), 2-28. (in Persian)
Teoh, B. E. W., Wider, W., Saad, A., Sam, T. H., Vasudevan, A., & Lajuma, S. (2022). The effects of transformational leadership dimensions on employee performance in the hospitality industry in Malaysia. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 913773.
Than, S. T., Le, P. B., Le, P. T., & Nguyen, D. T. N. (2023). Stimulating product and process innovation through HRM practices: the mediating effect of knowledge management capability. Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 11(1), 85-102.
To, M. L., Herman, H. M., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2015). A multilevel model of transformational leadership, affect, and creative process behavior in work teams. The leadership quarterly, 26(4), 543-556.
Wang, C. J., Tsai, H. T., & Tsai, M. T. (2014). Linking transformational leadership and employee creativity in the hospitality industry: The influences of creative role identity, creative self-efficacy, and job complexity. Tourism management, 40, 79-89.
Zahedipoor, M., Vazifehdust, H., & Moshabbaki Esfahani, A. (2018). A Study of the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Employees' Behavioural Outcomes with respect to the Mediating Role of Organizational Politics. Journal of Social Security, 13(3), 99-121. magiran.com/p1941119. (in Persian)
Zhang, W., Wang, H., & Pearce, C. L. (2014). Consideration for future consequences as an antecedent of transformational leadership behavior: The moderating effects of perceived dynamic work environment. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 329-343.
Organizational Culture Management
Volume 22, Issue 3
October 2024
Pages 259-273

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics